IMPACT OF MATERNAL LORATADINE ADMINISTRATION ON HYPOSPADIAS INCIDENCE IN CHILDREN
Abstract
The safety of antihistamines during pregnancy has been a topic of concern due to potential risks to fetal development. This study investigates the impact of maternal Loratadine administration on the incidence of hypospadias in offspring. Loratadine is a commonly used second-generation antihistamine prescribed for allergy relief, but its effects on fetal development, particularly regarding urogenital abnormalities, warrant further examination.
Using a cohort study design, we analyzed data from pregnant women who were prescribed Loratadine and compared it to a control group of women who did not use antihistamines. The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of hypospadias in the children born to these mothers. Data were collected from medical records, including prescription history, maternal health, and birth outcomes, across multiple healthcare facilities.
Our findings reveal that the incidence of hypospadias among offspring of mothers who used Loratadine during pregnancy is comparable to the general population. Statistical analysis indicated no significant increase in risk associated with Loratadine use. This suggests that Loratadine may not be a major contributing factor to the development of hypospadias. However, the study highlights the need for continued monitoring and research into the effects of various medications during pregnancy to ensure maternal and fetal safety.
While the study provides reassurance regarding the use of Loratadine, it underscores the importance of evaluating the safety profiles of medications prescribed during pregnancy. Future research should explore additional factors that may influence the risk of congenital anomalies and contribute to more comprehensive guidelines for medication use in pregnant women.
Keywords
Maternal Loratadine, Hypospadias, Antihistamines
References
Matlai P, Beral V. Trends in congenital malformations of external genitalis. Lancet 1985;1:108.
Bjerkedal T, Bakketeig LS. Surveillance of congenital malformations and other conditions of the newborn. Int J Epidemiol 1975;4:31-6.
Kallen B, Winberg J. An epidemiologic study of hypospadias in Sweden. Acta Paediatr Scand 1982;293:1-21.
Silver RI, Rodriguez R, Chang TS, Gearhart JP. In vitro fertilization is associated with an increased risk of hypospadias. J Urol 1999;161:1954-7.
Czeizel A. Increasing trends in congenital malformations of male external genitalia. Lancet 1985;1:462-3.
Paulozzi LJ, Erickson D, Jackson RJ. Hypospadias in trends in two US surveillance systems. Pediatrics 1997;100:831-4.
Gallentine ML, Morey AF, Thompson I. Hypospadias: a contemporary epidemiologic assessment. Urology 2001;57:788-90.
Åberg A, Westbom L, Källén B. Congenital malformations among infants whose mothers had gestational diabetes or preexisting diabetes. Early Hum Develop 2001; 61:85-95.
Fredell L, Kockum I, Hansson E, Holmner S, Lundquist L, Läckgren G, et al. Heredity of hypospadias and the significance of low birth weight. J Urol 2002; 167:1423-7.
Hussain N, Chaghtai A, Herndon CD, Herson VC, Rosenkrantz TS, McKenna PH. Hypospadias and early gestation growth restriction in infants. Pediatrics 2002;109: 473-8.
Wu WH, Chuang JH, Ting YC, Lee SY, Hsieh CS. Developmental anomalies and disabilities associated with hypospadias. J Urol 2002;168:229-32.
Silver RI. What is the etiology of hypospadias? A review of recent research. Del Med J 2000;72:343-7.
Fredell L, Lichtenstein P, Pedersen NL, Svensson J, Nordenskjold A. Hypospadias is related to birth weight in discordant monozygotic twins. J Urol 1998;160:2197-9.
Weidner IS, Møller H, Jensen TK, Skakkebæk NE. Risk factors for cryptorchidism and hypospadias. J Urol 1999;161:1606-9.
Chambers EL, Malone PS. The incidence of hypospadias in two English cities: a case-control comparison of possible causal factors. BJU International 1999;84:95-8.
Wennerholm UB, Bergh C, Hamberger L, Lundin K, Nilsson L, Wikland M, et al. Incidence of congenital malformations in children born after ICSI. Hum Reprod 2000; 15:944-8.
Article Statistics
Downloads
Copyright License
Copyright (c) 2024 Ella Pedersen
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.