A Comprehensive Clinical And Surgical Approach To The Treatment Of Complex Hand Syndactyly In Children With Apert Syndrome

Abstract

Background: Apert syndrome is a rare congenital condition caused by mutations in the FGFR2 gene and is characterized by craniosynostosis, craniofacial deformities, and complex syndactyly of the hands and feet. Severe hand deformities lead to early functional impairment, limitation of self-care skills, and social adaptation difficulties in affected children. Aim. To evaluate the clinical and functional effectiveness of a comprehensive clinical and surgical approach in the treatment of complex hand syndactyly in children with Apert syndrome. Materials and Methods. Patients diagnosed with Apert syndrome and complex hand syndactyly underwent clinical observation. Evaluation included clinical examination to assess the severity of deformity, functional assessment of grasp and range of motion, and radiological examination. Treatment was carried out using a multidisciplinary approach. Surgical management was planned in a staged manner, taking into account skin deficiency, with the application of combined skin grafting techniques. Postoperative follow-up and rehabilitation were integral components of the treatment strategy. Results. Primary wound healing was achieved in the postoperative period. Adequate interdigital separation was obtained, and a significant improvement in hand mobility and grasping function was observed. The comprehensive clinical and surgical approach reduced the risk of postoperative complications, including skin necrosis, contracture formation, and recurrence of syndactyly. Literature analysis supports the effectiveness of early and staged surgical intervention in improving functional outcomes in patients with Apert syndrome. Conclusion. A comprehensive clinical and surgical approach to the treatment of complex hand syndactyly in children with Apert syndrome provides favorable clinical and functional outcomes. Individualized surgical planning combined with postoperative rehabilitation significantly improves hand function and enhances the quality of life of affected children.