1
Ascione R, Rogers CA, Rajakaruna C, Angelini GD. Inadequate blood glucose control is associated with in-hospital mortality and morbidity in diabetic and nondiabetic patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Circulation. 2008; 118: 113-23.
2
Frisch A, Chandra P, Smiley D, Peng L, Rizzo M, Gatcliffe C, et al. Prevalence and clinical outcome of hyperglycemia in the perioperative period in noncardiac surgery. Diabetes care. 2010; 33: 1783-8.
3
Shanks AM, Woodrum DT, Kumar SS, Campbell DA, Jr., Kheterpal S. Intraoperative hyperglycemia is independently associated with infectious complications after non-cardiac surgery. BMC Anesthesiol. 2018; 18: 90.
4
Turina M, Miller FN, Tucker CF, Polk HC. Short-term hyperglycemia in surgical patients and a study of related cellular mechanisms. Ann Surg. 2006; 243: 845-51; discussion 51-3.
5
Lachmann G, von Haefen C, Wollersheim T, Spies C. Severe perioperative hyperglycemia attenuates postoperative monocytic function, basophil count and T cell activation. Minerva anestesiologica. 2017; 83: 921-9.
6
Song JW, Shim JK, Yoo KJ, Oh SY, Kwak YL. Impact of intraoperative hyperglycaemia on renal dysfunction after off-pump coronary artery bypass. Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery. 2013; 17: 473-8.
7
Hermanides J, Qeva E, Preckel B, Bilotta F. Perioperative hyperglycemia and neurocognitive outcome after surgery: a systematic review. Minerva anestesiologica. 2018; 84: 1178-88.
8
Zhang X, Yan X, Gorman J, Hoffman SN, Zhang L, Boscarino JA. Perioperative hyperglycemia is associated with postoperative neurocognitive disorders after cardiac surgery. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment. 2014; 10: 361-70.
9
Pasternak JJ, McGregor DG, Schroeder DR, Lanier WL, Shi Q, Hindman BJ, et al. Hyperglycemia in patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm surgery: its association with long-term gross neurologic and neuropsychological function. Mayo Clinic proceedings. 2008; 83: 406-17.
10
Duggan EW, Carlson K, Umpierrez GE. Perioperative Hyperglycemia Management: An Update. Anesthesiology. 2017; 126: 547-60.
11
Inouye SK, Westendorp RG, Saczynski JS. Delirium in elderly people. Lancet. 2014; 383: 911-22.
12
Kalra S, Bajwa SJ, Baruah M, Sehgal V. Hypoglycaemia in anesthesiology practice: Diagnostic, preventive, and management strategies. Saudi J Anaesth. 2013; 7: 447-52.
13
Investigators N-SS, Finfer S, Chittock DR, Su SY, Blair D, Foster D, et al. Intensive versus conventional glucose control in critically ill patients. The New England journal of medicine. 2009; 360: 1283-97.
14
Thorell A, Nygren J, Ljungqvist O. Insulin resistance: a marker of surgical stress. Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care. 1999; 2: 69-78.
15
Barth E, Albuszies G, Baumgart K, Matejovic M, Wachter U, Vogt J, et al. Glucose metabolism and catecholamines. Critical care medicine. 2007; 35: S508-18.
16
Palermo NE, Gianchandani RY, McDonnell ME, Alexanian SM. Stress Hyperglycemia During Surgery and Anesthesia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Implications. Current diabetes reports. 2016; 16: 33.