Features Of Pulmonary Function Impairment In Children With Cystic Fibrosis According To Computerized Spirometry Data

Abstract

Objective. To assess the state of pulmonary function in children with cystic fibrosis and to determine the nature and severity of ventilatory disorders based on computerized spirometry data.

Materials and Methods. Pulmonary function was assessed in 64 children with cystic fibrosis aged 5 to 14 years who were receiving inpatient treatment. The control group included apparently healthy children and children with recurrent obstructive bronchitis. Computerized spirometry was performed using a BTL-08 Spiro Pro spirometer with evaluation of the main spirometric parameters (FEV₁, vital capacity, Tiffeneau index, MEF50).

Results. All children with cystic fibrosis demonstrated a reduction in pulmonary function parameters. The combined type of ventilatory impairment was the most frequently observed (62.5%), characterized by the presence of both restrictive and bronchial obstructive components. A statistically significant decrease in FEV₁, vital capacity, Tiffeneau index, and MEF50 was noted compared with children with recurrent obstructive bronchitis and apparently healthy peers (p<0.001). In the majority of patients, marked and severe deviations of pulmonary function indices were identified, reflecting progression of chronic bronchopulmonary involvement.

Conclusion. Children with cystic fibrosis exhibit a pronounced and statistically significant deterioration of pulmonary function parameters, predominantly of a combined ventilatory impairment type. Computerized spirometry is an informative and accessible method for assessing the severity of bronchopulmonary involvement and for monitoring the effectiveness of therapy in this patient population.